Eksplorasi Konsep Simetri dan Proporsi dalam Angkul-angkul dan Penjor: Studi Etnomatematika di Desa Adat Penglipuran Bali

Abstract

Bali is known as one of the provinces with a unique cultural wealth that is different from other regions in Indonesia. Many traditional customs and architecture still exist today, demonstrating the uniqueness of this culture. One example is the traditional village of Penglipuran, known as the cleanest village in Indonesia, which has a spatial layout, traditional architecture, and traditional ceremonial symbols that are full of philosophical meaning. This study aims to examine how the concepts of symmetry and proportion are applied to angkul-angkul and penjor in the traditional village of Penglipuran, Bali, because they embody mathematical regularity that is not only aesthetically valuable but also contains the concept of symmetry. The methods used are descriptive qualitative with field observation techniques, visual documentation, and interviews with local traditional leaders. The results of the study show that angkul-angkul have patterns of fold symmetry and rotational symmetry that are visible in the structure of the building, as well as proportional comparisons between height, width, and decorative ornaments. Meanwhile, penjor shows proportional regularity through the length of the bamboo poles, the placement of palm leaves, and the arrangement of ornaments that form repetitive and harmonious patterns. This study found that the residents of Penglipuran Traditional Village indirectly apply mathematical concepts in their architecture and cultural traditions. This can be used as a practical context for geometry education in schools.