ISLAMIC ENVIRONMENTAL PHILANTHROPY: THE GOVERNANCE AND PRACTICE OF GREEN ZAKAT IN INDONESIA
Kata Kunci:
maqasid-based environmental legitimacy; Islamic social–ecological finance; zakat policy innovation; faith-driven ecological programsAbstrak
Although zakat has substantial potential to support sustainability agendas, limited scholarly attention has been devoted to explaining how sharīʿah-based legitimacy and institutional governance shape the operationalization of green zakat in the Indonesian context. This study aims to examine how green zakat is implemented through the integration of religious values, institutional policies, and environmental programs carried out by BAZNAS, Muhammadiyah, and Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). Employing a qualitative approach with an embedded case study design, the research draws on in-depth interviews, participant observation, focus group discussions (FGDs), and document analysis. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
The findings reveal that the operationalization of green zakat is determined by three interrelated elements: sharīʿah legitimacy grounded in the concepts of ḥifẓ al-bīʾah and maqāṣid al-sharīʿah; institutional policies articulated through the Green Zakat Framework and environmentally responsible governance; and programmatic implementation encompassing conservation initiatives, renewable energy, waste management, and ecological education.
This study contributes to the expansion of zakat discourse by conceptualizing green zakat as a model of Islamic social–ecological finance. Its implications highlight the need to strengthen technical capacity, harmonize jurisprudential reasoning with policy design, and develop measurable indicators for assessing the ecological impact of zakat.
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