Political Interpretation of the Caliphate Verse in The Qur’an by Sunni and Shia

Abstract

The research’s objective is to compare the meanings of the caliphate in the Qur’an from the Hamka perspective in Al-Azhar and Tabataba’i in Al-Mizan. The method used is descriptive-analytical-comparative with an interpretive approach. The data presented in this research is sourced from literature, with the primary sources being the books of Al-Azhar and Al-Mizan. From the study results, it was concluded that according to Tabataba’i, the caliph should be held by ma’shum priests who were directly elected by revelation so that they could know the Muslims’ spiritual problems. Hamka views that the caliph does not have to be held by a ma’shum imam, he is capable of being occupied by anyone deserving of the Muslims. As for the election, it was discussed by ahlul halli wal ‘aqdi not based on revelation.